1292
Views
121
Downloads |
Analysis of internal communication in public companies in Croatia
Josip Poljak* 
Article | Year: 2025 | Pages: 213 - 238 | Volume: 49 | Issue: 2 Received: May 15, 2024 | Accepted: July 18, 2024 | Published online: June 7, 2025
|
FULL ARTICLE
FIGURES & DATA
REFERENCES
CROSSMARK POLICY
METRICS
LICENCING
PDF
|
M
|
C
|
D
|
SD
|
Symmetry
|
Kurtosis
|
|
Satisfaction with horizontal communication (with colleagues)
|
3.79
|
3.75
|
4.0
|
0.82
|
-0.80
|
0.99
|
|
Satisfaction with communication with superiors
|
3.60
|
3.75
|
5.0
|
1.08
|
-0.57
|
-0.48
|
|
Communication medium quality satisfaction
|
3.57
|
3.75
|
4.0
|
0.92
|
-0.69
|
0.47
|
|
Meeting communication satisfaction
|
3.25
|
3.25
|
4.0
|
0.99
|
-0.38
|
-0.27
|
|
Corporate information satisfaction
|
3.08
|
3.00
|
3.0
|
1.01
|
-0.05
|
-0.54
|
|
Communication climate satisfaction
|
3.08
|
3.00
|
3.0
|
1.06
|
-0.17
|
-0.57
|
|
Informal communication satisfaction
|
3.01
|
3.00
|
3.0
|
0.77
|
-0.05
|
0.24
|
|
Feedback satisfaction
|
2.98
|
3.00
|
3.0
|
1.06
|
-0.04
|
-0.71
|
|
General job satisfaction
|
3.46
|
4.00
|
4.0
|
1.04
|
-0.69
|
-0.01
|
Note: M – arithmetic mean, C – the central value/median, D – dominant mode, SD – standard deviation. Source: Author.
|
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
|
1 Feedback satisfaction
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 Satisfaction with communication with superiors
|
.70*
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 Satisfaction with horizontal communication (with
colleagues)
|
.49*
|
.48*
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 Informal communication satisfaction
|
.57*
|
.50*
|
.53*
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 Corporate information satisfaction
|
.68*
|
.58*
|
.43*
|
.48*
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
6 Communication climate satisfaction
|
.73*
|
.63*
|
.47*
|
.59*
|
.66*
|
–
|
|
|
|
7 Communication medium quality satisfaction
|
.58*
|
.54*
|
.48*
|
.50*
|
.63*
|
.61*
|
–
|
|
|
8 Meeting communication satisfaction
|
.70*
|
.66*
|
.48*
|
.56*
|
.68*
|
.69*
|
.67*
|
–
|
Note: *p<0.05; **p<0.01. Source: Author.
|
Model
|
|
B
|
β
|
R
|
R2
|
ΔR2
|
|
1
|
(Constant)
|
3.661
|
|
0.228
|
0.052
|
0.052
|
|
Total length of service in the company
|
-0.111
|
-0.141**
|
|
Employment type
|
-0.178
|
-0.036
|
|
Managerial position in the company (manager, team leader, supervisor, director)
|
-0.374
|
-0.165**
|
|
Sex
|
0.140
|
0.067
|
|
Age group
|
0.169
|
0.152**
|
|
Highest level of education
|
0.051
|
0.048
|
|
2
|
(Constant)
|
0.588
|
|
0.704
|
0.495
|
0.443
|
|
Total length of service in the company
|
-0.044
|
-0.056**
|
|
Employment type
|
-0.108
|
-0.022
|
|
Managerial position in the company (manager, team leader, supervisor,
director)
|
-0.063
|
-0.028
|
|
Sex
|
0.039
|
0.018
|
|
Age group
|
0.107
|
0.097**
|
|
Highest acquired education level
|
0.055
|
0.051*
|
|
Feedback satisfaction
|
0.046
|
0.047
|
|
Satisfaction with communication with superiors
|
0.186
|
0.195**
|
|
Satisfaction with horizontal communication (with colleagues)
|
0.047
|
0.037
|
|
Informal communication satisfaction
|
-0.001
|
0.000
|
|
Corporate information satisfaction
|
0.035
|
0.034
|
|
Communication climate satisfaction
|
0.342
|
0.351**
|
|
Communication medium quality satisfaction
|
0.045
|
0.040
|
|
Meeting communication satisfaction
|
0.099
|
0.095
|
Note: *p<0.05; **p<0.01. Source: Author.
|
|
Z17
|
Z18
|
Z19
|
Z20
|
Z21
|
Z22
|
Z23
|
Z24
|
|
Z17 Satisfaction with information about the work regulations
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z18 Satisfaction with information on the turnover, profit, and financial
success of the organization
|
.68**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z19 Satisfaction with information on developments in the organization
|
.64**
|
.76**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z20 Satisfaction with information on legislative regulations that affect
the operational activities of my company
|
.67**
|
.74**
|
.77**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z21 Satisfaction with the way communication helps me identify myself as a
valuable part of the company
|
.51**
|
.52**
|
.60**
|
.59**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Z21 Satisfaction with the way communication helps me identify with the
company
|
.51**
|
.52**
|
.59**
|
.60**
|
.91**
|
1
|
|
|
|
Z23 Satisfaction with the degree to which communication in the company
promotes organizational values
|
.52**
|
.54**
|
.59**
|
.59**
|
.85**
|
.88**
|
1
|
|
|
Z24 Satisfaction with the degree to which communication in the company
encourages me to achieve organizational goals
|
.50**
|
.53**
|
.59**
|
.59**
|
.83**
|
.85**
|
.88**
|
1
|
Note: Questions Z17 to Z20 comprise the satisfaction with corporate information, whereas questions Z21 to Z24 comprise the satisfaction with the communication climate. *p<0.05, **p<0.01; N=1,342. Source: Author.
|
|
Z1
|
Z2
|
Z3
|
Z4
|
Z5
|
Z6
|
Z7
|
Z8
|
|
Z1 Satisfaction with information on the consequences of poor job
performance
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z2 Satisfaction with information on the extent to which I contribute to
collective success
|
.65**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z3 Satisfaction with information on how much my job is valued within the
organization
|
.60**
|
.77**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z4 Satisfaction with feedback on my job performance
|
.63**
|
.77**
|
.81**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z5 Satisfaction with the availability of an immediate superior
|
.47**
|
.43**
|
.46**
|
.52**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Z6 Satisfaction with the extent to which my superior is familiar with the
issues I encounter at work
|
.52**
|
.51**
|
.55**
|
.59**
|
.77**
|
1
|
|
|
|
Z7 Satisfaction with the extent to which my superior understands my
problems
|
.53**
|
.53**
|
.59**
|
.62**
|
.74**
|
.85**
|
1
|
|
|
Z8 Satisfaction with my superior’s recognition of my potential
|
.54**
|
.61**
|
.68**
|
.69**
|
.66**
|
.72**
|
.79**
|
1
|
Note: Questions Z1 to Z4 comprise feedback satisfaction, whereas questions Z5 to Z8 comprise satisfaction with communication with superiors. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; N=1,342. Source: Author.
|
|
M
|
SD
|
F (4, 1336)
|
η2
|
|
Age
|
|
|
|
|
|
less than 25 years
|
3.70
|
0.82
|
0.15
|
0.005
|
|
from 25 to 34 years
|
3.67
|
1.02
|
|
from 35 to 44 years
|
3.78
|
0.87
|
|
from 45 to 54 years
|
3.85
|
0.77
|
|
over 55 years
|
3.75
|
0.71
|
|
Length of service
|
|
|
|
|
|
less than 5 years
|
3.85
|
0.84
|
1.49
|
0.004
|
|
from 5 to 9 years
|
3.73
|
0.91
|
|
from 10 to 19 years
|
3.72
|
0.84
|
|
from 20 to 29 years
|
3.84
|
0.81
|
|
over 30 years
|
3.77
|
0.71
|
Note: *p<0.05; **p<0.01. Source: Author.
Table 1Descriptive data for eight dimensions of satisfaction with internal communication and general (total) satisfaction with the job DISPLAY Table
Table 2Correlation matrix of 8 dimensions of internal communication DISPLAY Table
Table 3Results of the hierarchical regression analysis of general job satisfaction DISPLAY Table
Table 4Correlation between corporate information and the communication climate DISPLAY Table
Table 5Correlation between feedback satisfaction and satisfaction with communication with superiors DISPLAY Table
Table 6Satisfaction with horizontal communication considering employee age groups and length of service DISPLAY Table
* The author would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.
1 Cronbach’s alpha is a measure of internal consistency, assessing how closely related a set of items are as a group in a survey or test.
2 T-tests are statistical tests used to compare the means of two groups to determine if they are significantly different from each other.
3 ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is a statistical method used to compare the means of three or more groups to see if at least one group mean is significantly different from the others.
4 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is a statistical technique used to test whether a set of observed variables represents the number of underlying latent constructs as expected.
5 The Pearson correlation coefficient is a measure of the linear relationship between two continuous variables, ranging from -1 to 1.
6 Hierarchical multiple regression analysis is a statistical method in which variables are entered into the regression equation in steps to understand the contribution of each set of variables after accounting for the others.
7 χ²/df (Chi-square/degrees of freedom): This index is the ratio of the chi-square statistic to its degrees of freedom, providing a measure of model fit in which values close to 1 indicate a good fit; this index can be sensitive to sample size.
8 CFI (Comparative Fit Index): the CFI compares the fit of a target model to an independent model (one with no relationships between variables) and ranges from 0 to 1, with values closer to 1 indicating a better fit.
9 TLI (Tucker–Lewis Index): the TLI, also known as the Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI), compares the fit of a specified model to a baseline model, taking model complexity into account, with values closer to 1 indicating a good fit.
10 RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation): the RMSEA measures the discrepancy between the model and the data per degree of freedom, with values less than 0.06 indicating a close fit and values of up to 0.08 representing a reasonable fit.
|
|
June, 2025
II/2025
|
