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Pension reform in (F)BH with a special focus on gender issue
Velma Pijalović*
Velma Pijalović
Affiliation: School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
 0000-0002-9676-5408
Lejla Lazović-Pita* 
Almir Peštek*
Almir Peštek
Affiliation: School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
0000-0001-5958-4993
Danijela Martinović*
Danijela Martinović
Affiliation: School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
0000-0002-6799-2265
Ademir Abdić*
Ademir Abdić
Affiliation: School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
0000-0002-9635-457X
Article | Year: 2021 | Pages: 305 - 328 | Volume: 45 | Issue: 3 Received: September 21, 2020 | Accepted: February 9, 2021 | Published online: September 6, 2021
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FULL ARTICLE
FIGURES & DATA
REFERENCES
CROSSMARK POLICY
METRICS
LICENCING
PDF
|
Pension
category
|
2014
|
2015
|
2016
|
2017
|
2018
|
|
m
|
f
|
m
|
f
|
m
|
m
|
f
|
m
|
f
|
m
|
|
Old-age
|
247,420
|
118,596
|
258,555
|
122,522
|
259,308
|
133,850
|
267,068
|
136,933
|
272,828
|
139,328
|
|
Disability
|
54,287
|
24,437
|
49,015
|
21,119
|
47,937
|
22,095
|
44,614
|
20,626
|
44,309
|
20,244
|
|
Survivor’s
|
9,412
|
186,408
|
9,336
|
186,002
|
7,894
|
187,317
|
7,659
|
186,926
|
7,443
|
186,640
|
|
Total
|
311,119
|
329,441
|
316,906
|
329,643
|
315,139
|
343,262
|
319,341
|
344,485
|
324,580
|
346,212
|
Source: BHAS (2020b).
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Pensions
|
2014
|
2015
|
2016
|
2017
|
2018
|
2019
|
|
Old-age
|
16.4
|
15.5
|
14.7
|
13.5
|
12.6
|
11.5
|
|
Disability
|
16.6
|
17.1
|
17.5
|
18.1
|
18.7
|
19.1
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N.B. as previously noted, Pension and Disability Insurance Fund of the RS does not classify survivor’s pension beneficiaries by gender.Source: Pension and Disability Insurance Fund of the RS, 2020; own calculation.
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Factor
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Category
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Female
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Male
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Total
|
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Status
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0 = Not Retired
|
79.5
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71.0
|
76.2
|
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1 = Retired
|
20.5
|
29.0
|
23.8
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Age
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1 = 15-24
|
3.8
|
2.2
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3.2
|
|
2 = 25-34
|
18.4
|
13.1
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16.4
|
|
3 = 35-44
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33.0
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29.2
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31.5
|
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4 = 45-54
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16.2
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16.2
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16.2
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5 = 55-64
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12.9
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16.6
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14.3
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6 = 65+
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15.7
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22.7
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18.4
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Education
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1 = Without primary
education
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0.5
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0.0
|
0.3
|
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2 = Primary
education
|
0.8
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0.0
|
0.5
|
|
3 = Secondary
education
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19.7
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19.1
|
19.5
|
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4 = Qualified
worker
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0.8
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5.9
|
2.8
|
|
5 = Short-cycle
tertiary education
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10.1
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8.0
|
9.3
|
|
6 = Bachelor or
equivalent
|
41.1
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37.7
|
39.8
|
|
7 = Master or
equivalent
|
19.3
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17.0
|
18.3
|
|
8 = Doctor or
equivalent
|
7.7
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12.3
|
9.5
|
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Self-reported net monthly income
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1 = BAM 350 or less
|
5.1
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2.2
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4.0
|
|
2 = BAM 351-700
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11.1
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12.6
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11.7
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3 = BAM 701 - 1,000
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12.4
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14.7
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13.3
|
|
4 = BAM 1,001 -
1,500
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17.6
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13.4
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16.0
|
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5 = BAM 1,501 -
2,000
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16.8
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16.4
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16.6
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6 = BAM 2,001 -
2,500
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13.2
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13.0
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13.1
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7 = More than BAM 2,500
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23.8
|
27.7
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25.3
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Self -reported standard of living
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1 = Very poor
|
1.1
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0.4
|
0.8
|
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2 = Poor
|
1.4
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1.7
|
1.5
|
|
3 = Just getting
along
|
14
|
10.3
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12.6
|
|
4 = Average
|
50.0
|
49.6
|
49.8
|
|
5 = Comfortable
|
24.3
|
27.3
|
25.5
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6 = Very
comfortable
|
8.9
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9.4
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9.1
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7 = Rich
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0.3
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1.3
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0.7
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Pensions should be provided through
|
1 = Private
arrangements
|
12.1
|
15.0
|
13.3
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2 = Employer’s
direct payment to employee’s personal account
|
26.9
|
22.0
|
25.0
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3 = Public funds
|
61.0
|
63.0
|
61.7
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Marital status
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0 = Single
|
58.0
|
79.7
|
66.4
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|
1 = With partner
|
42.0
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20.3
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33.6
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N.B. Not-retired category includes self-employed, house persons, other white collars, managers, students, manual workers, and unemployed. Source: Authors.
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EQU_c
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Women
and men should retire at the same age.
|
|
Pensioners
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-1.440**
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Education
|
0.450*
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|
Gender
|
0.486**
|
|
Age
|
|
|
2
|
-0.985
|
|
3
|
-0.709
|
|
4
|
-0.685
|
|
5
|
-1.292**
|
|
6
|
-0.116
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|
Self-reported
income
|
|
|
2
|
1.167
|
|
3
|
0.854
|
|
4
|
1.008
|
|
5
|
0.342
|
|
6
|
0.162
|
|
7
|
0.537
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|
Self-reported
standard of living
|
|
|
2
|
-0.219
|
|
3
|
0.362
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Pensions should be provided
through
|
|
|
2
|
-0.158
|
|
3
|
0.236
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Marital status
|
-0.431*
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|
Const.
|
-0.316
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Observations
|
448
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N.B. Education: dichotomous variable where respondents with a tertiary level or higher were coded as ‘1’ and respondents with qualifications below tertiary level by ‘0’. Self-reported standard of living: ordinal variable where “Below average” =1; “Average” =2 and “Above average”=3. *p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01. Source: Authors.
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September, 2021
III/2021
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